鼠标表示鼠标事件。鼠标操作是通过使用低级界面执行的，该界面允许我们向Web浏览器提供虚拟化的设备输入操作。

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鼠标动作操作方法详细介绍如下：

click_and_hold

移动到该元素，然后在给定元素的中间单击（不释放）

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains


with webdriver.Chrome() as driver:
    driver.get(\'https://www.baidu.com/\')
    time.sleep(2)
    setting = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"s-usersetting-top\" and text()=\"设置\"]\')
    ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(setting).perform()
    time.sleep(5)

context_click

首先将鼠标移动到元素的位置，然后在给定元素上执行上下文单击（右键单击）

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains


with webdriver.Chrome() as driver:
    driver.get(\'https://www.runoob.com/python/python-tutorial.html\')
    time.sleep(2)
    setting = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" and text()=\"Python 3.X 版本的教程\"]\')
    ActionChains(driver).context_click(setting).perform()
    time.sleep(5)

double_click

移动到该元素，并在给定元素的中间双击

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains


with webdriver.Chrome() as driver:
    driver.get(\'https://www.runoob.com/python/python-tutorial.html\')
    time.sleep(2)
    setting = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" and text()=\"Python 3.X 版本的教程\"]\')
    ActionChains(driver).double_click(setting).perform()
    time.sleep(5)

move_to_element

将鼠标移到元素的中间。执行此操作时，该元素也会滚动到视图中，再进行定位操作

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains


with webdriver.Chrome() as driver:
    driver.get(\'https://www.baidu.com/\')
    setting = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"s-usersetting-top\" and @name=\"tj_settingicon\"]\')
    ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(setting).perform()
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[text()=\"搜索设置\"]\').click()
    time.sleep(5)
    

move_by_offset

将鼠标从其当前位置（或0,0）移动给定的偏移量。如果坐标在视图窗口之外，则鼠标将最终在浏览器窗口之外

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains


with webdriver.Chrome() as driver:
    driver.get(\'https://www.baidu.com/\')
    setting = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"s-usersetting-top\" and @name=\"tj_settingicon\"]\')
    ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(setting).perform()
    time.sleep(5)
    xOffset = 1
    yOffset = 1
    webdriver.ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xOffset, yOffset).perform()
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[text()=\"搜索设置\"]\').click()
    time.sleep(5)
    

如我们把xOffset和yOffset的值稍微设置大一点，设置值为 100，就会报不在范围的错误：Message: move target out of bounds

/Users/lifeng/python-virtualenv/venv/bin/python3 /Users/lifeng/python-projects/test-python/selenium_script.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File \"/Users/lifeng/python-virtualenv/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py\", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.MoveTargetOutOfBoundsException: Message: move target out of bounds
  (Session info: chrome=89.0.4389.82)
  

drag_and_drop

首先在源元素上单击并按住，然后移动到目标元素的位置，然后释放鼠标

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains


with webdriver.Chrome() as driver:
    driver.get(\'https://www.baidu.com/\')
    setting = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"s-usersetting-top\" and @name=\"tj_settingicon\"]\')
    setting_one = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"s-usersetting-top\" and @name=\"tj_settingicon\"]\')
    ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop(setting, setting_one).perform()
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[text()=\"搜索设置\"]\').click()
    time.sleep(5)
    

drag_and_drop中要传两个参数，传入第一个是源元素setting后按住，再点击传入的目标元素setting_one后，然后再释放掉setting_one

drag_and_drop_by_offset

首先在源元素上单击并按住，移至给定的偏移量，然后释放鼠标。可针对验证码滑动解锁操作

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.common.exceptions import UnexpectedAlertPresentException


with webdriver.Chrome() as driver:
    driver.get(\'https://mail.qq.com/\')
    time.sleep(2)
    form_ = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"login_frame\"]\')
    driver.switch_to.frame(form_)
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"u\"]\').click()
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"u\"]\').send_keys(\'16688888888\')
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"p\"]\').click()
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"p\"]\').send_keys(\'12345678999\')
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"login_button\"]\').click()
    time.sleep(2)
    code_iframe = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"tcaptcha_iframe\"]\')
    driver.switch_to.frame(code_iframe)
    code_offset = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@id=\"tcaptcha_drag_button\"]\')
    ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop_by_offset(code_offset, 179, 0).perform()
    time.sleep(10)

官方文档中的介绍是可以这样操作：

from selenium import webdriver


driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(\"https://crossbrowsertesting.github.io/drag-and-drop\")
sourceEle = driver.find_element(By.ID, \"draggable\")
targetEle  = driver.find_element(By.ID, \"droppable\")
targetEleXOffset = targetEle.location.get(\"x\")
targetEleYOffset = targetEle.location.get(\"y\")

webdriver.ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop_by_offset(sourceEle, targetEleXOffset, targetEleYOffset).perform()
  

但是实操使用了location.get()的方法，运行后报错了:

/Users/lifeng/python-virtualenv/venv/bin/python3 /Users/lifeng/python-projects/test-python/selenium_script.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File \"/Users/lifeng/python-projects/test-python/selenium_script.py\", line 29, in <module>
    xOffset = code_offset.location(170)
TypeError: \'dict\' object is not callable

Process finished with exit code 1

release

将释放按下的鼠标左键

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains


with webdriver.Chrome() as driver:
    driver.get(\'https://www.runoob.com/python/python-tutorial.html\')
    text_python = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" and text()=\"Python 3.X 版本的教程\"]\')
    target_python = driver.find_element_by_xpath(\'//*[@rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" and text()=\"Python 3.X 版本的教程\"]\')
    webdriver.ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(text_python).move_to_element(target_python).perform()
    webdriver.ActionChains(driver).release().perform()
    time.sleep(1)
    

以上总结或许能帮助到你，或许帮助不到你，但还是希望能帮助到你